周忠和
摘 要：地球陆地生态系统大约从4亿年前开始形成，经历了数次重大的变革，生命演化的许多关键环节也是在陆地上完成的。一些重大的地质环境变化对陆地生物各个类群以及整个生态系统的演化产生了重要影响。我国拥有丰富古生物资源以及涵盖4亿年来各个地史时期的，出露良好且沉积类型多样的陆相和海陆交互相的地层记录。已完成的古生物学领域的两个973项目在古生物学及其相关前沿领域均取得了一系列令国内外关注的重要成果。该申请项目将侧重陆相地层与古生物学综合研究，集中国内优势队伍，充分发挥团队和学科交叉优势，以中国丰富的陆相化石材料和地层为依托，以前期积累的研究成果为基础，重点对约4亿年前植物和脊椎动物登陆以后，中国各主要陆地生物群的演化开展系统深入的研究。首先，将继续加强传统古生物学和地层学的工作，不断完善我国陆相地层的年代框架，为精确的区域和全球对比奠定基础；其次，将通过揭示古生物本身所包含的古环境信息，并结合同位素地球化学、沉积学的工作，对一些关键地史时期的动、植物生活的古环境进行恢复；最后，在以上工作的基础上，进一步对生物演化和环境的关系开展更加深入的研究，重点探索重大全球和区域地质环境事件对植物和脊椎动物登陆、中生代主要动物类群起源和演化、新生代陆地生物群演化及动植物地理区系的形成和演变的影响过程和机理。
关键词：四亿年来 中国陆地生物群 陆地生态系统 植物和脊椎动物登陆
Initial Report： Evolution of Chinese Terrestrial Biotae in Relation to Environmental Changes Since 400 Million Years Ago
Zhou Zhonghe
（Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology）
Abstract：The Earths terrestrial ecosystem was initiated since 400 million years ago and underwent times of significant changes， where many critical evolution events took place. Big geological environmental changes brought significant impacts on each and every terrestrial biotae. China has abundant paleontological resource and well cropping out strata， representing various types of continental and paralic facies deposits， which spanned over 400 million years. Two 973 programs in paleontology have been accomplished and made a great well-known achievements in paleontology and related frontiers. This new program application will focus on comprehensive analysis of the terrestrial ecosystem and paleontology. Our team consists of outstanding specialists from different fields， and this interdisciplinary cooperation will be fully exploited. based on the richness of terrestrial fossils and strata， and previous studies， we concentrate on how Chinese major terrestrial biotae evolved after the plants and vertebrate invasion of land. Firstly， we decide to continue traditional paleontological and stratigraphical studies to improve the chronological framework of Chinese continental strata， which is fundamental for precise local and global correlation. Secondly， we combine the paleoenvironment information contained in paleontology， isotope geochemistry and sedimentology to reconstruct paleoenvironment where those ancient plants and animals lived. Lastly， based on these aforementioned studies， we will go further to perform comprehensive studies regarding the relationship between environment and evolution； we will address issues such as how the global and local geological events brought influence on plant and vertebrate invasion of land， origin and evolution of the major Mesozoic clade， evolution of Cenozoic terrestrial ecosystem， and the formation and changes of Cenozoic floras and fauna.
Key Words：400 million years；Chinese terrestrial biotae； Terrestrial ecosystem； Plants and vertebrate invasion of land
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